Evolutionary Game of Decision Making for Poverty Alleviation and Photovoltaic County Development in Northwest China

In recent years, based on the distribution and market consumption of renewable energy, China has actively supported the development of renewable energy such as wind energy, solar energy, and biomass energy in poverty-stricken areas according to local conditions, and orderly promoted the construction of photovoltaic power stations in poverty-stricken areas such as Qinghai, Gansu, and Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region (hereinafter referred to as Ningxia) to consolidate the achievements of poverty alleviation. 

The northwest region of China has abundant solar energy resources. However, due to the significant contradiction between light resource endowment and local economic level, the demand for electricity in the northwest region is small, resulting in difficulties in on-site consumption. In recent years, with strong policy support, household distributed photovoltaic has overcome the shortcomings of centralized photovoltaic and has been vigorously developed in the northwest region, especially in Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia and other places, With the implementation of poverty alleviation photovoltaic policies, the photovoltaic market is becoming increasingly perfect.

Under the background of the dual carbon target, the new model of distributed photovoltaic county development in the northwest region provides new ideas for solving problems such as difficulty in on-site consumption, severe waste of light, and decentralization of photovoltaic poverty alleviation work. However, the decision-making problem of multiple stakeholders in the photovoltaic poverty alleviation county market has become the top priority in the current operation of the poverty alleviation power station market. Based on evolutionary game theory, a four party evolutionary game model was constructed, which includes users, state-owned enterprises, photovoltaic enterprises, and governments. The evolution of multi-agent decision-making and parameter influence in the photovoltaic poverty alleviation market of the entire county in Northwest China, represented by Gansu Province, Qinghai Province, and Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, were studied. 

The results show that the equilibrium strategies of state-owned enterprises and photovoltaic enterprises are both positive strategies. However, due to differences in lighting resources, electricity prices, and electricity consumption in different regions of the northwest region, there are also differences in the equilibrium results and time between users and the government. Regions with abundant lighting resources and large government subsidies have considerable benefits from photovoltaic poverty alleviation, and users have high investment enthusiasm and a short time to achieve equilibrium; Cost savings and rent reduction are effective measures to improve the equilibrium path in the northwest region.